Hydraulic Principles and History
Hydraulic systems are found in a huge variety of applications and environments from small assembly machinery or security gates through to piling rigs, theme park rides, supersonic aircraft and the bascules on London’s Tower Bridge.
The use of hydraulics enables the operator to achieve significant work (lifting heavy loads, turning a shaft, drilling precision holes, etc.) with minimum effort through the application of Pascal’s law, which states that the: "Pressure applied to any part of a co...
Joseph Bramah (13 April 1748 – 9 December 1814), Wentworth, Yorkshire, England, was an inventor and locksmith. He is best known for having invented the hydraulic press. Along with William George Armstrong, he can be considered one of the two fathers of hydraulic engineering.
He was educated in Yorkshire and on leaving school was apprenticed to a local carpenter. On completing his apprenticeship he moved to London, where he started work as a cabinet-maker.
In London, Bramah worked for a Mr...
The hydraulic press depends on Pascal's principle: the pressure throughout a closed system is constant. One part of the system is a piston acting as a pump, with a modest mechanical force acting on a small cross-sectional area; the other part is a piston with a larger area which generates a correspondingly large mechanical force. Only small-diameter tubing (which more easily resists pressure) is needed if the pump is separated from the press cylinder.
Pascal's law: Pressure on a confined fluid...
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